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Saint Louis University (SLU, ) is a private research university with campuses in St. Louis, Missouri, United States and Madrid, Spain.〔()〕 Founded in 1818 by the Most Reverend Louis Guillaume Valentin Dubourg,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=University of Saint Louis )〕 SLU is the oldest university west of the Mississippi River and the second-oldest Jesuit university in the nation. It is one of 28 member institutions of the Association of Jesuit Colleges and Universities.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=SLU changes leadership for the first time in 26 years )〕 The university is accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools.〔()〕 SLU's athletic teams compete in NCAA's Division I and the Atlantic 10 Conference. It has a current enrollment of 13,505 students, including 8,687 undergraduate students and 4,818 graduate students, representing all 50 states and more than 70 foreign countries.〔 Its average class size is 23.8 and the student-faculty ratio is 12:1.〔 For over 30 years the university has maintained a campus in Madrid, Spain. The Madrid campus was the first freestanding campus operated by an American university in Europe and the first American institution to be recognized by Spain's higher education authority as an official foreign university. The campus has 675 students, a faculty of 110, an average class size of 15 and a student-faculty ratio of 7:1.〔(About SLU Madrid – Madrid Campus Profile )〕 Fred Pestello is the current President, serving as the 33rd President of SLU since July 1, 2014. He is the first layman to be president in the school's history (although he was preceded by lay Interim President William R. Kauffman, J.D.)〔 ==History== Saint Louis University traces its origins to the Saint Louis Academy, founded on November 16, 1818 by the Most Reverend Louis Guillaume Valentin Dubourg, Bishop of Louisiana and the Floridas, and placed under the charge of the Reverend François Niel and others of the secular clergy attached to the Saint Louis Cathedral. Its first location was in a private residence located near the Mississippi River in an area now occupied by the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial within the Archdiocese of St. Louis. Already having a two-story building for the 65 students using Bishop Dubourg's personal library of 8,000 volumes for its printed materials, the name Saint Louis Academy was changed in 1820 to Saint Louis College (while the secondary school division remained Saint Louis Academy, now known as St. Louis University High School). In 1827 Bishop Dubourg placed Saint Louis College in the care of the Society of Jesus, not long after which it received its charter as a university by act of the Missouri Legislature.〔 In 1829 it moved to Washington Avenue and Ninth at the site of today's America's Center by the Edward Jones Dome. In 1852 the university and its teaching priests were the subject of a viciously anti-Catholic novel, ''The Mysteries of St. Louis,'' written by newspaper editor Henry Boernstein whose popular paper, the ''Anzeiger des Westens'' was also a foe of the university.〔''Catholicism and American Freedom,'', John McGreevy Norton and Co., New York 2003, p. 22-23.〕 In 1867 after the American Civil War the University purchased "Lindell's Grove" to be the site of its current campus.〔The University's main campus is named "Frost Campus" in honor of General Daniel M. Frost, commander of the Missouri Militia during the Camp Jackson Incident. After being exchanged for a captured Federal officer, General Frost "went south" and was commissioned as a General in the Confederate Army. The University named the campus after General Frost at the request of his daughter Mrs. Harriet Frost Fordyce, who contributed $1,000,000 to the University, allowing a major expansion in 1962. (Frost Campus ) Ironically, part of the Frost Campus covers the former "Camp Jackson" militia encampment site.〕 Lindell's Grove was the site of the Civil War "Camp Jackson Affair". On May 10, 1861 U.S. Regulars and Federally enrolled Missouri Volunteers arrested the Missouri Volunteer Militia after the militia received a secret shipment of siege artillery, infantry weapons and ammunition from the Confederate Government. While the Militia was arrested without violence, angry local citizens rushed to the site, and rioting broke out, in which 28 people were killed. The Camp Jackson Affair lead to open conflict within the state, culminating with a successful Federal offensive in mid-June 1861 which expelled the state's pro-secession governor Claiborne Fox Jackson from the state capitol (Jefferson City). Jackson later led a Missouri Confederate government-in-exile, dying of cancer in Little Rock, Arkansas in 1862. The first (and most iconic) building on campus, DuBourg Hall, began construction in 1888, and the college moved to its new location in 1889. St. Francis Xavier College Church moved to its current location with the completion of the lower church in 1884. It was completed in 1898. During the early 1940s, many local priests, especially the Jesuits, began to challenge the segregationist policies at the city's Catholic colleges and parochial schools.〔Donald J. Kemper, "Catholic Integration in St. Louis, 1935–1947", ''Missouri Historical Review'', October 1978, pp. 1–13.〕 After the ''Pittsburgh Courier'', an African-American newspaper, ran a 1944 expose on St. Louis Archbishop John J. Glennon's interference with the admittance of a black student at the local Webster College,〔Ted LeBerthon, "Why Jim Crow Won at Webster College," ''Pittsburgh Courier'', 5 Feb. 1944, p. 13.〕 Father Claude Heithaus, professor of Classical Archaeology at Saint Louis University, delivered an angry sermon accusing his own institution of immoral behavior in its segregation policies. By summer of 1944, Saint Louis University had opened its doors to African Americans, after its president, Father Patrick Holloran, secured Glennon's reluctant approval.〔"Pressure Grows to Have Catholic College Doors Open to Negroes," ''Pittsburgh Courier'', 19 Feb. 1944, p. 1; "St. Louis U. Lifts Color Bar: Accepts Five Negroes for Summer Session," ''Pittsburgh Courier'', 6 May 1944, p. 1.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Saint Louis University」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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